Grafting

Grafting 

  

Questions

Why do you think the first one was a success?

• Plants used have high level of tolerance 
• The amount of water is enough for the tree to survive and grow together 
• The shape of the cut is a perfect fit that allows the two parts to combine together 

Population Research Worksheet

Nuclear Power

We support nuclear power

“Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.”

Reliable

It is estimated that with the current rate of consumption of uranium, we have enough uranium for another 70-80 years. A nuclear power plant when in the mode of producing energy can run uninterrupted for a very long time. As solar and wind energy are dependent upon weather conditions, nuclear power plant does not, and, therefore, can be used in any condition.

Ecofriendly

Nuclear power also has a lot fewer greenhouse emissions. It has been determined that the amount of greenhouse gases have decreased by almost half because of the prevalence in the utilization of nuclear power. Nuclear energy has the least effect on nature since it doesn’t produce any greenhouse gases. There is no unfavorable impact on water, land or any territories because of the utilization of nuclear power, except in times where transportation is utilized. Therefore, it produces very low pollution to the environment.

Low Cost

Nuclear power produces very inexpensive electricity. The cost of the uranium is low. Also, the expense of setting up nuclear power plants may be moderately high, the expense of running them is quite low. The normal life of nuclear reactor is 40-60 years. These variables make the expense of delivering power low.

References

http://www.edouardstenger.com/2009/10/26/10-reasons-to-support-nuclear-power/

http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-nuclear-energy.php

Euthanasia

Euthanasia should be allowed

Euthanasia is an act of putting to death painlessly or allowing to die, as by withholding extreme medical measures, a person suffering from an incurable condition.

Euthanasia saves life

In the Netherlands, "a study of euthanasia found that 0.4% of all euthanasia was done without consent from the patient. The study was done when euthanasia had been legalized in the Netherlands. Now another study, which was done before euthanasia was legalized, indicated that 0.8% of euthanasia done in the Netherlands was done without the patient's consent." This shows that the legalization of euthanasia actually had the reverse of the expected effect. The number of euthanasia done decreased by half after the euthanasia was legalized.

Euthanasia is properly regulated

Developed nations like the Netherlands have legalized euthanasia and have hardly ever had problems. "Any law or system can be abused, but that law and the system can always be refined to prevent such abuse from happening". Therefore, euthanasia will be better with regulation.

Euthanasia does no harm to others

There are ideas supporting and conflicting euthanasia. The conflict leads the government to consider the rights of people that are violated when euthanasia is applied. That being said, euthanasia as a choice infringes on no such fundamental rights. Assisted suicide involves direct harm and the termination of life only to the individual who has requested it. One cannot request euthanasia for another person. Therefore, euthanasia does no harm to others.

People have right to die

Anti-euthanasia proponents argue that euthanasia infringes on a person’s fundamental right to live. What they fail to see is that our “life” as human beings implies death. Without death, we do not have “human life” by its very definition. Therefore, people who argue that every man has the fundamental right to live, they also agree that every man has the fundamental right to die. At the end, people have the right to die, and euthanasia should be allowed.

References 

http://www.listland.com/top-10-reasons-euthanasia-should-be-legal-everywhere/

http://idebate.org/debatabase/debates/philosophy/house-believes-right-die

http://www.ww.idebate.org/debatabase/debates/assisted-suicide/house-believes-assisted-suicide-should-be-legalized

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/euthanasia

Grafting

Grafting

Procedure 
1. Sharpen your knife
2. In one stroke make a long, smooth cut angling across an internode at the top of the rootstock 
3. Make a cut of the same length and angle across the base of the scion.
4. Check that these cuts match.
5. Make the tongues. 
6. Slide the scion and stock together to interlock. 
7. Bind and seal the graft 

1. 
   

Fruit Batteries

Fruit Batteries 

Materials 

• fruits or vegetables 
• metals 
• voltmeter 
• ammeter 

Purpose 

• The purpose of this experiment is to determine the electrical voltage output of different combinations of electrodes and fruits 
• It is also to find out which fruits give the highest voltage outputs 
• It is also to find out if the separation of the electrodes affects the voltage output 
• It is also to find out the voltages given off by different pairs of electrode materials 
• It is also to examines the voltage puts when the electrodes are connected in series and in parallel 
• It is also to find the amperage output of different pairs of electrodes 
• It will also examine whether the depth the electrode is inserted into the fruit affects either the voltage or amperage outputs 

Procedure 

Roll the fruit a little to make it a little juicier in the inside. Insert one electrode material into the juicy part of the fruit. Insert the second electrode into the juicy part of the fruit, but not so the two electrodes touch. 

Result 

1) Does the distance between the electrodes affect the voltage? 

 2) Does the distance between the electrodes affect the amperage?

 3)Does the type of fruit affect the voltage?

 4) Does the type of fruit affect the amperage?

Oxidation Reduction Reactions

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Procedure:

1. Mix potassium nitrate with powdered sugar 3:2 ratio in a napkin 
2. Take observations 
3. Wrap napkin into a little stick 
4. Place in beaker 
5. Ignite

DNA Necklace Kit

DNA Necklace Kit 

DNa can be considered the hereditary "code of life" because it possesses the information that determines an organism's characteristics and is transmitted from one generation to the next. DNA is contained within the nucleus of almost every cell in the human body 

Questions

1. Describe the way long strands of double-helical DNA fit into the nucleus of a single cell. 

The long strands of double-helical DNA wrap around histone proteins. The wrapping goes on and on to achieve the secondary and tertiary level of packing. In the end, the whole thing is highly packed enough to fit inside the nucleus of a single cell. 

2. Why is a sports drink used to collect the cheek cells instead of water? 

The sports drink has a similar salt concentration to the cells. So, the solution will not affect the shape of the cell. 

3. What does the cell lysis solution do to the cells' membranes? 

The cell lysis solution causes the cells' membranes to break open so the DNA strands can be pulled out. 

4. How does the DNA in the cell lysate become visible? 

The lysate draws the DNA upward making the strands attach together and become visible. 

5. Why can you see the extracted DNA with the naked eye? 

The average length of the DNA strand is a very large number. When it is extracted from many cells, it can easily be seen with the naked eye. 

6. What do you think are some things that a scientist could do with extracted DNA from a human being, or from any organism?  

DNA can be used to tell the identity of a person. This becomes very useful in a forensics-type field of work as it is necessary to find the owner blood in a crime. 

Fish Terrarium

Fish Terrarium 

Materials:

• Bottles of water 
• Plants 
• Fish and shrimp 
• Bromothymol blue 
• Thermometer 

Procedure: 

1. Fill each bottle of water with pure water 
2. Add about 0.5 mL of bromothymol blue in each bottle 
3. Add plants in each bottle 
4. Put in a thermometer 
5. Add fish or shrimp into the bottles 
6. Record the temperature 

Sample	Temperature (Celsius)
1	29
2	28.5
3	28
4	29
5	28
6	28.5
7	27.5
8	27

Questions:

1.       Why do they die?  What's your hypothesis?

The temperature is too high. 

2.       What are our variables?

Temperature, pH, Amount of water, Sunlight 

3.       Which container increased in temperature the most?

The temperatures increased are pretty close to each other. 

4.       What were the initial temperatures?  Are there any increases

Sample	Temperature (Celsius)
1	29
2	28.5
3	28
4	29
5	28
6	28.5
7	27.5
8	27

Multicolored Electrolysis

Acid and Base Indicators Electrolysis 

Materials:

• Petri dish 
• Universal indicator solution 
• Sodium chloride (NaCl) 
• Battery 
• Electrode wires with alligator clips (red and black) 

Procedure:

  

1. Set up two beakers and add 50 mL of water into each beaker
2. Weigh 58.5 g of NaCl twice and add each mol of NaCl into each beaker
3. Add a few drops of universal indicator solution into each beaker
4. Use a filter paper soaked with NaCl solution as a bridge connecting the two beakers 
5. Set up wires with the battery 
6. Dip the two different ends into different beaker 
7. Observe the reaction  

Discussion: 

1. Why is the universal indicator green when you first did it? The indicator turned green because the solution was first neutral 
2. Why can we use the pencils to run a charge? Pencil can act as electrode that carries electrons 
3. What is the color at the cathode? Purple 
4. What is the color at the anode? Yellow 
5. What happens when you place the niobium magnet? Why? The magnet creates magnetic field as the observed electrons moved in a circular motion 
6. What is the equation for the electrolysis of water? Without electron and volts H+ + OH- --> H2O
7. Why can we dump the solution down the drain? The products are gas